Областное государственное бюджетное
профессиональное образовательное учреждение
«Ульяновский медицинский колледж»
СБОРНИК ТЕМАТИЧЕСКИХ ТЕКСТОВ И ЗАДАНИЙ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ
ПО ДИСЦИПЛИНЕ: ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК (АНГЛИЙСКИЙ)
для 1 курса
Ульяновск
2023
Сборник тематических текстов и заданий для самостоятельной работы студентов по дисциплине: Иностранный язык (английский) для 1 курса/сост. Базунова М.Н.., 2023.- 49с.
Сборник тематических текстов и заданий предназначен для студентов 1 курса средних профессиональных образовательных учреждений. Сборник направлен на формирование и дальнейшее развитие у студентов навыков самостоятельного чтения, письма и говорения как важных компонентов речевой деятельности на иностранном языке. Цель сборника – формирование практического опыта самостоятельной работы студентов с иноязычными текстами, с целью полного понимания тематической информации.
©ОГБПОУ « Ульяновский медицинский колледж»
ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ
ПОЯСНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЗАПИСКА..................................................................5.
Тема 1: ВВЕДЕНИЕ. ЦЕЛЬ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ИНОСТРАННОГО ЯЗЫКА В МЕДИЦИНСКОМ КОЛЛЕДЖЕ............................................................... 6
Тема 2: Описание людей (внешность, характер, личностные качества, профессии)...............................................7-10
Тема 3: Межличностные отношения.......................................11-14
Тема 4: Человек, здоровье, спорт...............................................15-16
Тема5:Город. Деревня.Инфраструктура..................................17-18
Тема 6: Природа и человек..........................................................19-20
Тема 7: Части тела человека........................................................21
Тема 8: Гигиена тела.......................................................................22
Тема 9: Структурная организация человеческого тела. Скелет................................................................................................. 23
Тема 10:Государственное устройство, правовые институты....................................................................................... 24-27
Тема 11: Диетотерапия. Диета. Витамины. Продукты питания............................................................................................. 28
Тема 12: Научно-технический прогресс................................29
Тема 13: Повседневная жизнь. Условия жизни...................30-34
Тема 14: Досуг....................................................................................35-36
Тема 15:Новости. Средства массовой информации.....37
Тема 16: Навыки общественной жизни............................... 38
Тема 17: Культурные и национальные традиции, краеведение, обычаи и праздники........................................ 39
Тема 18: Общий инструментарий. Предметы ухода за больными..................................................................................... 40-41
Тема 19: Работа медицинской сестры в терапевтическом отделении..................................................................................... 42-46
Тема 20: Первая помощь (ушибы, переломы, обморок, солнечный удар, шок, отравления)..................................... 47
Тема 21: Работа медицинской сестры в хирургическом отделении.......................................................................................... 48-49
ПОЯСНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЗАПИСКА
Данный сборник содержит необходимый текстовый материал и большое количество упражнений различного характера, предназначенных для формирования у студентов навыков самостоятельной работы.
Сборник направлен на формирование и дальнейшее развитие у студентов навыков чтения, письма и говорения как важных компонентов речевой деятельности на иностранном языке. Учебные тексты, расположенные от простых к более сложным, позволяют студентам в ходе работы над ними контролировать уровень усвоения полученных знаний.
Основное внимание уделяется переводу тематических текстов и усвоению лексического материала. Пониманию текстов служат упражнения различного характера. Дополнительный учебный материал, подлежащий усвоению, обогащен свободными и устойчивыми словосочетаниями, речевыми фигурами, фразеологическими единствами и аутентичными фразами, активно используемыми носителями английского языка. Подготовительные предтекстовые упражнения способствуют развитию языковой догадки. Послетекстовые задания направлены на смысловую переработку и структурирование почерпнутой из текстов информации.
Цель сборника – формирование практического опыта самостоятельной работы студентов с иноязычными текстами с целью полного понимания тематической информации.
Содержание пособия соответствует знаниям, умениям, навыкам , формируемым в ходе реализации программы дисциплины: Иностранный язык ( английский).
Разработанное пособие моет быть использовано студентами средних и высших учебных заведений, а также преподавателями английского языка.
UNIT 1
Тема 1: ВВЕДЕНИЕ: ЦЕЛЬ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ИНОСТРАННОГО ЯЗЫКА.
КОНСПЕКТ ПЕРЕВОДА ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫХ ТЕКСТОВ.
Ex.1.READ AND TRANSLATE SOME INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT ENGLISH LANGUAGE
UNIT 2
Тема 2: ОПИСАНИЕ ЛЮДЕЙ, ВНЕШНОСТЬ, ХАРАКТЕР, ЛИЧНОСТНЫЕ КАЧЕСТВА, ПРОФЕССИИ.
КОМПЬЮТЕРНАЯ ПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ.
Ex.1.WORDS « APPEARANCE»
1. Human - человеческий
2. Body - тело
3. Head - голова
4. Hair - волосы
5. Face - лицо
6. Cheek - щека
7. Eye - глаз
8. Ear - ухо
9. Healthy - здоровый
10. Tooth (pl. Teeth) - зуб, зубы
11. Mouth - рот
12. Hand - кисть (руки)
13. Leg - нога
14. Foot - ступня
15. Nose - нос
16. Arm - рука
17. Strong - сильный, крепкий
18. Finger - палец (руки)
19. Toe - палец (ноги)
20. Forehead - лоб
21. Shoulder - плечо
22. Chest - грудь
23. Back – спина
Для описания внешности женщины используем слова:
A Figure – Фигура
slim - стройная
neat - изящная
little, small - маленькая
thin, skinny - худая
beautiful –красивый ( о женщине)
Для описания внешности мужчин мы используем слова:
body build - телосложение.
slender -стройный.
lean - худощавый
short - низкого роста
plump / overweight - полный.
muscular - мускулистый
obese-тучный
beard - борода
Moustache- усы
hair (Волосы )
dark -тёмные
black - черные
red ]- рыжие
grey - седые.
blond - светлые
brown hair - шатен
brunette - брюнет .
long - длинные,
short - короткие,
shoulder-lenght - до плечей,
waist-length - до пояса.
bald - лысый, с лысиной
straight - прямые,
wavy -волнистые
curly - кудрявые, вьющиеся.
rich hair - красивые, густые волосы —
thin - редкие
thick - густые
Face (Лицо)
oval - овальное,
round - круглое
square -квадратными square
beautiful — красивое (о женщине)
handsome - красивое (о мужчине)
pale - бледное
gloomy - мрачное
pretty, nice - приятное, симпатичное
plain - некрасивое
Thin - худое
Nose (Нос)
snub -курносый
aquiline- орлиный
straight -прямой
skin (Кожа)
cream-white - белоснежная
sunburnt / tanned - загорелая
Hands ( Руки)
delicate — изящные
soft hands - мягкие руки,
tender hands - нежные руки,
delicate hands - утонченные руки
strong -сильные
skilful – умелые
Еyes (Глаза )
Narrow- узкие
close- / deep- / wide-set- близко, глубоко или широко посаженными
big -большие
jolly - весёлые
cheerful - радостные
expressive -выразительные
serious -серьёзные
cunning, sly -хитрые
sad -грустные
Colors of the eyes
brown - карие
green зеленые
grey - серые
blue - голубые,
light - светлые
dark - тёмные
Forehead (Лоб)
high - высокий
open - открытый
narrow - узкий
low - низкий
broad – широкий
EX.2.DESCRIBE THE APPEARANCE OF YOUR FRIEND, BROTHER, SISTER, MOTHER, USING WORDS FROM THE EX.1 AND THIS PLAN OF THE TOPIC
I want to tell about my...(brother,sister, Mum,Dad,friend,grandfather.........).
S She/he has.....figure/body bield he /he is ..... years old.
Her/his hair is ......
Her/his face is.....= She/he has a........face.
The nose of my..... is........= She/he has a........nose.= Her/his nose is.....
Her/his eyes are.....= The eyes of my ..... are = She/he has..... eyes.
The colour of her/his eyes is.....= She/he has eyes of ......color.
+ ......(например, She is the most beautiful women I have ever seen/
He is the best,the kindest and the most handsome father in the world......)
9.tall
10.straight hair
EX.6. READ AND TRANSLATE TEXT: PARTS OF THE HUMAN BODY
Look at the picture. You can see my brother and me. Look at my head and hair. My hair is long. It is black. This is my face. My face is round. I have rosy checks. My eyes are blue. My ears are small. I have healthy teeth in my mouth. My hand is on the table, and legs are under the table. You can see my legs, but can’t see my feet.
This is my brother Pete. His hair is short and dark. His face is not round. His eyes are brown and his nose is short. He likes sport. His arms and legs are strong. In the picture he has a ball in his hand.
Proverb: A little body has often a great soul. (Сравни: Мал золотник, да дорог.)
UNIT 3
Тема3:МEЖЛИЧНОСТНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ.
ПЛАН МОНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ВЫСКАЗЫВАНИЯ.
EX.1.WORDS
EX.2 READ AND TRANSLATE THE FOLLOWING TEXT
to play truant – прогуливать(уроки)
to bunk off – разг.прогуливать
absenteeism – прогул
to get out of control – выйти из-под контроля
evidence – зд.факты
failure – зд.неуспеваемость
to commit crime – совершить преступление
to swipe – вставлять (карточку)
attendance – посещаемость
gap – перерыв
to resort to – прибегать (к)
to turn up – являться, приходить
jail – тюрьма
to be found guilty – быть признанным виновным
to bring to senses – привести в чувство
to be bullied – подвергаться травле
to put pressure – оказывать давление, быть слишком строгим
WHY AREN’T YOU AT SCHOOL, SONNY?
This is a question that many schoolchildren may hear at some point in their school careers, when they are “playing truant”, “bunking off” or absent without permission. The government thinks that absenteeism is getting out of control , but what can they do to make sure children go to school? Here are some of the reasons they are worried.
One million children a year bunk off school (go absent without reason). In primary schools (5-11) the average time missed per absent pupil is over five days in the year. For secondary schools (11-16) it is 10 days.
Why is it such a problem? The evidence shows that truancy is linked to crime and failure at school. When children are out of school they might be committing crime and they certainly aren’t learning.
What is the answer then? Some people think it is electronic registration: this is a chip in a card that the children have to swipe at the beginning of the school day. When the children put the card in a machine the headmaster can see immediately who is in the school and who is absent.
The best way of improving attendance is to make school, and the gaps between the lessons more interesting. Some schools which have had attendance problems in the past have started lunchtime radio stations, sport, music and a breakfast club with morning TV and aerobics.
Other schools have resorted to more extreme methods when pupils don’t turn up. In 2003 about 9,000 children were expelled from schools in England, a big rise in figures. Many children were excluded for violence and criminal behaviour. Of course, throwing children out of school solves one problem but immediately creates many more. Some teachers want corporal punishment (beating children with sticks) brought back into classrooms, but the government didn’t agree.
One parent knows very well the cost of truancy, not only to her children’s education, but to her own freedom too. A mother of five, Patricia Amos, was the first person in Britain to be sent to jail for failing to send her children to school. She was sent to prison for 60 days after being found guilty in Oxford. She served 28 days in a very dangerous and violent women’s prison in London. Mrs. Amos said, “The whole horrible thing worked. It has brought me to my senses”.
RUNAWAYS
More than a million American teenagers run away from home every year. Their parents are often puzzled and hurt. Why do they do it?
There is usually a lack of understanding on both sides – parents and children – problems in communication.
More than half of these runaways are girls. Their average age is fifteen. For one reason or another, they refuse to stay at home. Of course, the great majority of young people never run away from home. Nevertheless, the problem is a serious one. There is no “typical” runaway, though. Many come from homes broken by divorce or homes where there is an alcoholic parent. Some run away from parents who beat them. But there are also many runaways who come from seemingly healthy homes where no such problems exist.
Steve, aged 15, ran away when he was 13. His father drank, and everyone in the family suffered when he got drunk. One night his father grabbed a gun and with his finger on the trigger, threatened to kill everyone in the family. Steve ran away – and stayed away. His chief concern was getting enough food and a safe, dry place to sleep.
“It’s frightening to be homeless because you don’t know about tomorrow,” Steve says. “Everything you have is what is on your back. You wonder where you’re going to eat or live. You don’t know if you’ll be all right”.
Sharon’s parents are divorced, but she says she had no real problems at home. She lived in a small town in Vermont. One evening she was watching TV when a friend rang up. “We are going to New York. Want to come along?” Sharon – 14 years old – hesitated, then shrugged her shoulders and agreed. When the police finally traced her, she had become a drug addict.
Unfortunately, these young people often run into trouble. Few runaways have any idea of how to get along in the lonely and often dangerous world they find after leaving home.
Most take off with only a few dollars in their pockets. When this is spent they find it is not easy to make money if you are only fifteen or sixteen years old. It’s useless for them to look for a proper job, because legally they are too young to get a job. The police say that most runaways return home within a few days. Often a phone call home is enough to patch things up. However, the longer a runaway is away, the more likely he or she is to get into trouble. One set of problems is often replaced by another. Runaways often think that they will find friendly people willing to help them out. But the sad fact is that cities are full of people on the lookout for runaways, who only want to take advantage of them.
On the street, there are four main means of survival: begging, stealing, prostitution and drug dealing. It’s like a quicksand: the deeper in you go, the deeper down you sink. Sometimes, inevitably, it leads to suicide.
There are a lot of charity organisations which try to protect street children. But unfortunately, the number of teen runaways is rising and the kids are getting younger.
Street children
There are about 100 million people around the world who call the streets their home. And their numbers are rising by the hundreds of thousands each year. In Africa, they are orphans of civil war or victims of famine; in Latin America and Asia, they are victims of poverty. In the capitals of the Western world, they are runaways.
Street children have to look after themselves, living off rubbish, trying to earn money by odd jobs.
The two most difficult cities in the world right now are Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and Bangkok, Thailand. Many of the street children are beaten, raped and sold for sex. They cannot turn to the police for help because the police often do the same things to them. In some Latin American countries, street children are rounded up and imprisoned or killed, just to tidy up the streets for an important foreign visitor.
UNIT 4
Тема4: ЧЕЛОВЕК, ЗДОРОВЬЕ, СПОРТ.
АННОТАЦИЯ ТЕКСТА.
Ex.1. WORDS
Ex.2. READ AND TRANSLATE THE TEXT «THE MOST POPULAR SPORTS IN BRITAIN»
A recent survey revealed the most famous Englishman of all time. By asking people to identify celebrities from their photos, it was found that the most recognized face was not Shakespeare, the great writer, not Churchill, the famous politician, but David Beckham, captain of the England football team. This survey shows us just how important sport is to English people, and what an important role it plays in our lives to this day. Sport plays such a large part in British life that many idioms in the English language have come from the world of sport. For example, “to play the game” means “to be fair”, and “that’s not cricket” means “that’s unfair”. “It’s not cricket” to run off with your best friend’s girl. “It’s not cricket” to kick a man when he is already down. Today the expression is used mostly by older generation or jokingly.The most popular sport in Britain is football, of course. A lot of people support their local clubs at matches on Saturday afternoons, or watch the matches live on TV. When there is an English match, the pubs in England are full of people supporting the national team, and during a tournament like the World Cup the interest across the country is unbelievable – newspapers, television programs, radio commentary – everyone has an opinion to express, and it can be hard to escape the constant discussion. Every year each team in England plays in the Football Association competition. The two best play in the Cup Final at Wembley Stadium* in London. Some of the best-known English clubs are Manchester United, Liverpool and the Arsenal.
The game, especially associated with England, is cricket. It is slow, and a spectator sitting in the afternoon sun after his lunch may take a nap for half an hour. Cricket is a summer game, it is played in schools, colleges and universities. International games of cricket last for five whole days and include breaks for lunch and tea!
Tennis is also very popular in Britain. Every summer in June and July the biggest tournament in the world takes place at Wimbledon. It started at a small club in London in the nineteenth century. Now a lot of traditions have changed. For example, the women players don’t have to wear long skirts, and the men players – long trousers. But other traditions haven’t changed at Wimbledon. The courts are still grass, and visitors still eat strawberries and cream.
Next to football the chief spectator sport in Britain is horse-racing. A lot of people are interested in the races and risk money on the horse which they think will win. In June for one week a small town Ascot becomes the centre of the horse-racing world. It is called Royal Ascot because the Queen always goes to Ascot.
Britain is also famous for motor-car racing. “Vintage” cars have to be more than 50 years old and in a very good condition. A traditional rally for them starts in London and finishes in Brighton. That’s a distance of 70 km.
The most famous boat racing in England is between Oxford and Cambridge universities. It first started in 1829 and has been held every spring since 1836. A lot of people come to watch this competition, and millions watch it on TV.
Lots of people also regularly go swimming at the local pool, or go to the gym to keep fit. For people who would rather stay inside, there are the traditional pub games – snooker, darts, etc.
UNIT 5
Тема 5: ГОРОД, ДЕРЕВНЯ, ИНФРАСТРУКТУРА.
ТВОРЧЕСКИЙ ПРОЕКТ «ЭКСКУРСИЯ ПО РОДНОМУ ГОРОДУ»
EX.1.WORDS
EX.2 .USE ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS
UNIT 6
Тема 6: ПРИРОДА И ЧЕЛОВЕК.
ПОИСК НЕОБХОДИМОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ В ИНТЕРНЕТЕ.
EX1. WORDS «OUR ENVIRONMENT»
20 polystyrene – полистирол (хим. волокно)
UNIT 7
Тема 7: ЧАСТИ ТЕЛА ЧЕЛОВЕКА.
ПЛАН МОНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ВЫСКАЗЫВАНИЯ.
EX.1.Words
ankle – лодыжка, щиколотка
arm – рука
back – спина
belly – живот
body - тело
chest – грудь
elbow – локоть
finger – палец
fist - кулак
foot (plural: feet) – стопа (стопы)
hand – кисть руки
head – голова
hip – бедро
knee – колено
leg – нога
nail - ноготь
neck – шея
palm – ладонь
shoulder - плечо
thumb - большой палец
toe – палец ноги
waist – талия
Head and Face - голова и лицо
cheek – щека
chin – подбородок
ear – ухо
eye – глаз
eyebrow – бровь
eyelash - ресница
face – лицo
forehead – лоб
hair - волосы
lip – губа
mouth – рот
nose – нос
tongue – язык
tooth (plural: teeth) – зуб (зубы)
Внутренние органы
Heart - сердце
Lungs - язык
Tongue - язык
Pharynx - глотка
Esophagus - пищевод
Stomach - желудок
Liver - печень
Gall bladder - желчный пузырь
Pancreas - поджелудочная железа
Duodenum - двенадцатиперстная кишка
Small intestine - тонкая кишка
Appendix – аппендикс
Rectum - прямая кишка
Kidney - почка
Bladder - мочевой пузырь
Uterus – матка
UNIT 8
Тема 8: ГИГИЕНА ТЕЛА.
ЭССЕ ПО ТЕМЕ.
EX.1.WORDS
UNIT 9
Тема 9: СТРУКТУРНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО ТЕЛА.
КОНСПЕКТ ДИАЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ВЫСКАЗЫВАНИЯ.
EX.1. WORDS
parietal- теменнойvertebra- позвонок
frontal- лобныйvertebrae- позвонки
temporal- височныйclavicle- ключица
occipital- затылочныйscapula- лопатка
skull- черепrib - ребро
cervical- шейный thorax- грудная клетка
dorsal- спиннойulna- локтевая кость
spine- позвоночный столбradius- лучевая кость
lumbar- поясничныйphalanges- фаланги
pelvis- тазfemur- бедро
sacrum- крестецfibula- малая берцовая кость
coccyx -копчикtibia- большая берцовая кость.
humerus- плечевая кость
EX.2.ANSWER THE QUESTIONS AND MAKE UP THE DIALOGUE.
1) What bones does skull consist of ?
2) Where is the thorax ?
3) What parts does the spine consist of ?
4) The pelvis contains …(sacrum , coccyx )?
5) How many phalanges does a man have ?
UNIT 10
Тема 10: ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО, ПРАВОВЫЕ ИНСТИТУТЫ.
ВЫПОЛНЕНИЕ ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИХ ТЕСТОВ.
EX.1.WORDS
EX.2. DO THE TEST.
Numeral / ИмяЧислительное
Тест №4
Choose the correct variant
За каждый верный ответ вы получаете один балл.
UNIT 11
Тема 11: ДИЕТОТЕРАПИЯ, ДИЕТА, ВИТАМИНЫ, ПРОДУКТЫ ПИТАНИЯ.
КОМПЬЮТЕРНАЯ ПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ.
Ex.1 WORDS
UNIT 12
Тема 2: НАУЧНО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ ПРОГРЕСС.
ПОИСК НЕОБХОДИМОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ В ИНТЕРНЕТЕ:
UNIT 13
ТЕМА 13: ПОВСЕДНЕВНАЯ ЖИЗНЬ. УСЛОВИЯ ЖИЗНИ.
ПЛАН МОНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ВЫСКАЗЫВАНИЯ.
Ex.1. WORDS.
to get up вставать, подниматься
to have to + inf. вынужден что-либо сделать
to make bed — застилать постель
to put smth on — надевать что-либо
to have breakfast — завтракать
to have a lot of work to do — иметь много дел
to prefer — предпочитать
to sweep — подметать
to dust — вытирать пыль
furniture — мебель
carpet — ковер
vacuum-cleaner — пылесос
to go shopping — ходить по магазинам
to have opportunity — иметь возможность
family affairs — семейные дела
EX.2. read and translate the texts about working dayof different persons and define the social status of the speakers. МAKE UP THE PLAN.
Lisа: In our life we have weekends and holidays. Of course, it’s more pleasant to speak about holidays than about workdays. But these workdays make up an essential part of life.
At 7.30 the alarm-clock wakes me up and my working day begins. Actually I’m not fond of getting up early, but I’m already used to it. I do my bed and go to the bathroom. There I brush my teeth and take a shower. At 8 o’clock I’m ready to have breakfast. Usually I have no time to cook my breakfast, so I just have a cup of tea and maybe a bowl of cereal.
I leave home at 8.20. My school is not far from house and it usually takes me 5 minutes to get there. My classes begin at 8.30 a.m. and finish at 3 p.m. At 11.20 I usually go to our school canteen and buy something to eat.
When my classes are finished I return home. Then I cook my dinner or warm it up. After hard work at school I feel like having a rest. After dinner I usually go out with my friends or go in for sports. Besides I have additional private lessons of drawing. Twice a week I go to the School of the Arts in order to pursue my dream to become a painter. Then I do my homework for the next school day. It takes me about 3 hours.
If I have 2 or 3 hours before going to sleep I watch TV, listen to the music, chat with some friends or help my mother to cook supper. When the supper is ready we gather in the dining room, eat and share the day news. After supper I sometimes play chess with my father and at about 11 o’clock I have a bath and go to bed.
Misha: I usually start my day with getting up and doing all things that everybody does in the morning: washing, having breakfast, etc. Also, I got used to gather my learning tools: pencils, exercise-books, text-books in the morning. Then I usually go to the university. Fortunately, father takes a car every morning and he often picks me up and drives me to the doors of our university building. And soon the lectures and lessons begin... We have from 2 to 4 lectures every time, depending on day. I like studying in the university more than in the school because in university it is mostly allowed to miss some lectures (of course, later you should take a summary from your mate and copy it). So, a student is much more free, than pupil is.
After the lessons I usually return home where I have dinner and start thinking about my ways of spending the rest of the day. Very often I go to my friend’s places. During the early autumn and summer I often go to the sports ground or on the beach. I also like visiting different sports events, for example, soccer matches of «Luch» in Russian championship. So, the world is full of enjoyable things to do.
On returning home I usually start doing my homework (perhaps, it is the most dull part of the day). Having finished it, I open a book and read it or watch TV. At last, I go to the bed. Of course, I would like to tell you more about myself and my working day, but, unfortunately, my time is rather limited and I have got a lot of homework to do. Generally, now you know about my working day enough.
alex:I am going to tell you about my working day. First of all let me introduce myself, I`m Leonid. I`m a pupil of 6th form. I study at school number 4 in Apatity.
Morning… I get up at seven o`clock. An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. I glad to see my family at the kitchen. My parents love me and always suppose me. My house is my castle. We sit at the table and have our breakfast together. My family is the best. I love it. Every bird likes its own nest. My family likes different proverbs, and we use them in our everyday live. Sometimes we have some little problems in my family, but nobody knows about it. Don`t wash your dirty linen in public.
As usual we eat porridge and fruits. Most of all I prefer apples. Mum always says "An apple a day keeps the doctor away". After my breakfast I go to school. It is big and nice. I`m good at many subjects. I think "Knowledge is power`. Usually I have 5-6 lessons. Each lesson lasts 45 minutes. Of cause we have breaks between the lessons. But you know - business before pleasure. My favorite subject is Literature. I am fond of reading. Reading makes a full man. Also I am keen on sports. After my lessons I go to school gym. Richard Steele said "Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body".
Evening... As a good student I do my homework. At exactly 8 o`clock we have supper. And the same time my father comes back home. Punctuality is the politeness of kings. At the family table we eat and speak about our last day. I like such hours. East or West, home is best.
At 10 o`clock I go to bed. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
I hope you like my story, maybe it`s not interesting, but it is real day of my life.
Roman: On weekdays the alarm-clock wakes me up at 6.30 and my working day begins. I'm not an early riser, that's why it's very difficult for me to get out of bed, especially in winter. I switch on my tape-recorder and do my morning exercises. Then I go to the bathroom, take a warm shower, clean my teeth and shave. After that I go to my bedroom to get dressed.
Usually my mother makes breakfast for me. But when she is away on business or just doesn't have to get up early, I make breakfast myself. While having breakfast, I listen to the latest news on the radio.
I leave the house at 7.30 and go to the nearest underground station. Last year I tried to enter Moscow University, but unfortunately I failed my entrance examinations. So I thought I should work somewhere. It wasn't easy to find a job, but I managed to get a position of a secretary in a small business company.
They agreed to take me because I had studied typewriting, computing and business organisation at school. And besides, I passed my English schoolleaving exam with an excellent mark.
It takes me an hour and a half to get to work. But I don't want to waste my time on the train. I've got a small cassette-player and I listen to different texts and dialogues. Sometimes I read a book and retell it silently. If I come across an interesting expression I try to memorise it. I also write some English words on flashcards and learn them.
I usually arrive at work at ten minutes to nine though my working day begins at 9 sharp. There are always some fax messages to translate from English into Russian. Sometimes my boss wants me to write a letter to our business partners abroad. There are also a lot of phone calls which I have to answer.
At 1 o'clock in the afternoon we have lunch. We usually have lunch in a small cafe just round the corner. At 2 o'clock we come back to work. And we work hard till 5 o'clock. During the working day we also have several short coffee breaks. But sometimes we have no time for them.
I come home at about 7 o'clock in the evening. My parents are usually at home, waiting for me. We have dinner together. Then we sit in the living room, drink tea, watch TV or just talk. Occasionally I have to stay at work till 6 or even 7 o'clock in the evening. When we have a lot of things to do we go to work on Saturdays. So by the end of the week I get very tired. All I can do on Sundays is to sleep till eleven o'clock, watch television, listen to music and read something in English.
And still I always look forward to my next working day because I like my job. I think I get a lot of useful experience.
Polina: On week days I usually get up nearly six o'clock. I do not like to get up early, but I have to, because I have a lot of work to do during the day.
I make my bed, wash my face, put my clothes on and go to the kitchen to have breakfast. My mother usually prepares, breakfast for me, but sometimes I do it myself. If I prepare my breakfast for my own, I should have to get up earlier. I do not like big breakfasts; I prefer a cup of coffee and a sandwich.
Then I go to school. It is rather far from my house and I go there by bus. I have classes till two or three o'clock, it depends on a week day. Then I come home and have dinner. I like a big dinner, because when I come home from school I am hungry.
After my dinner, I have a rest for a couple of hours and then I do my homework. If I have some spare time I do some work about the house. I sweep the floor, dust the furniture and clean the carpets with the vacuum-cleaner. Sometimes my mother asks me to go shopping.
Then I have free time. I go for a walk with my friends or watch TV, or read books or play my favourite computer games. Then I have supper with my family. I like evenings very much, all members of our family get together after work and study and have the opportunity to talk and to discuss our family affairs.
I usually go to bed at about ten o'clock, sometimes at eleven o'clock.
UNIT 14
ТЕМА 14: ДОСУГ.
АННОТАЦИЯ ТЕКСТА.
HOW THE BRITISH RELAX
As British people say, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy”. Like everybody else, British people like doing things outside work.
Gardening is a well-known favourite. As the weather in Britain is relatively mild, British people manage to do gardening almost all the year round. Sometimes this can be just doing a bit of weeding and sometimes, serious vegetable and fruit growing. In fact, regardless of the size of the garden, the British can always find plenty to do in it. Mowing grass is also very important. Every Sunday morning they come out to mow their lawns. To outsiders, it almost seems like an obsession but to a British person it is an important social duty. The British see an unmown lawn not only as a sign of laziness, but also as disrespect to others (and you can get fined for it as well).
Walking is also very popular. Ask any British person if they have a pair of walking boots and the answer will probably be yes. Except for dry summer days, the beautiful British countryside is pretty muddy, so you need a good pair of walking boots or “wellies” to enjoy your walk. Walking as leisure activity has a long tradition in England. You can buy a variety of maps and guides to walking routes. Organised walking is also popular and is a good way to discover local sights of interest with a group of like-minded people and a good guide.
Cycling is another popular activity. Unfortunately, many British roads are busy and don’t have cycling paths, so cycling can be a bit dangerous in Britain. Many people find quiet country roads and spend their whole holidays exploring their homeland on their bikes.
More extreme sports like rock climbing also attract people. And, of course, the famous British eccentricity is the cause of unusual sports like extreme ironing. Extreme ironing is a serious sport where teams of people compete at who can do their ironing in more extreme conditions. Extreme ironing is now an international sport with serious competitions and organized events.
Of course, not all British people keep fit by engaging in extreme sports. Many go to the gym, swimming pool or fitness classes. However, it has to be said that the British are not the sportiest nation in the world. Increasingly, British people spend their free time watching TV. Sad, but true. The only comforting thing is that they are not on their own – most of the world seems to be doing the same!
As far as actually going away on holiday, many British people choose to spend their holidays abroad, preferably somewhere warm and dry. Spain, France and Greece are regular destinations due to convenient location and kind climate. City breaks are also a good idea for changing the scenery and enjoying new places without too much trouble.
UNIT 15
ТЕМА 15: НОВОСТИ. СРЕДСТВА МАССОВОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ.
ТВОРЧЕСКИЙ ПРОЕКТ «СЦЕНАРИЙ ТЕЛЕВИЗИОННОЙ ПРОГРАММЫ О ЖИЗНИ ПУБЛИЧНОЙ ПЕРСОНЫ»
UNIT 16
ТЕМА 16. НАВЫКИ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЙ ЖИЗНИ.
ПЛАН МОНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ВЫСКАЗЫВАНИЯ.
EX.1 WORDS
1) dishes - посуда
2) fruit - фрукты
3) carry - нести
4) sweep the floor - подметать пол
5) vacuum-cleaner - пылесос
6) plant - растение
7) strawberry - земляника, клубника
8) twice – дважды
EX.2 Answer the QUESTIONS:
1. Do your friends help their parents?
2. Do you like to help your mother?
3. Can you clean the flat?
4. Have you many flowers at home?
5. Do you water the flowers?
6. Do you help to lay the table?
7. Do you go to the shops and buy food?
8. What can you buy in the shops yourself?
9. How often do you go to the market?
10. You help your parents, don’t you?
UNIT 17
ТЕМА 17: КУЛЬТУРНЫЕ И НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ТРАДИЦИИ, ОБЫЧАИ, ПРАЗДНИКИ
ТВОРЧЕСКИЙ ПРОЕКТ «ПУТЕВОДИТЕЛЬ ПО РОДНОМУ КРАЮ»
UNIT 18.
ТЕМА 18. ОБЩИЙ ИНСТРУМЕНТАРИЙ. ПРЕДМЕТЫ УХОДА ЗА БОЛЬНЫМИ.
ЗАДАНИЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ СЛОВАРЯ.
EX.1 WRITE DOWN THE WORDS AND TRANSLATE THEM
1. air-ring
to give an air-ring to a bed-patient
2. bed-pan
to give a bed-pan to a bed-patient
to take a way(убрать) a bed-pan from a bed-patient
3. compress
to put a cold (hot) compress on …
4. cups
to put cups on the back (chest)
5. dropping bottle
to drop
drops
6. enema
to give a warm enema
to give a cleansing (очистительная) enema
to give a medicinal (лечебная) enema
7. feeding-cup
to give a feeding-cup of milk (tea, water, soup) to bed-patient
8. hot-water bag (bottle)
to fill a hot-water bag with …
to put a hot-water bag on …
to change water in the hot-water bag
9. ice-bag
to fill an ice-bag with ice (cold water)
to put an Ice-bag on …
to change ice in the ice-bag
10. wheel-chair
to take a patient’ in a wheel-chair
into a ward
11. pipette
to pipette
12. mustard plasters
to put mustard plasters on the back (chest, heart, neck)
13. scissors
to cut a bandage with scissors
14. soap
to soap
a piece (кусок) of soap
15. sticking plaster
to put a sticking plaster on …
16. syringe
to boil a syringe
to sterilize a syringe
to assemble (disassemble)
a syringe
17. thermometer
to put a thermometer
to take a thermometer out
to read a thermometer
to shake a thermometer
18. basin
to bring a basin to a bed-patient
for washing
19. sponge
to wash a patient with a sponge
20. stretcher
to be on a stretcher
to carry a stretcher
to carry a patient on a stretcher
UNIT 19
ТЕМА 19. РАБОТА МЕДСЕСТРЫ В ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКОМ ОТДЕЛЕНИИ.
КОНСПЕКТ ПЕРЕВОДА ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫХ ТЕКСТОВ.
EX. 1 Learn the words
1.to take the temperature [tempritʃƏ]
Измерять температуру
2.chart [ta:t] n карта; temperature chart
Температурный лист
3.medicine ['medsin] n лекарство
4.to carry out ['ka'eri] v выполнять
5.proscription [pris'kripʃƏn] n предписание,рецепт
6.ward [wƆ:d] n палата
7.to examine [ig'zaemin] v осматривать(больного)
8.ward nurse палатная сестра
9.condition [kƏn'diʃƏn] n состояние
10.to prescribe [pris'kraib] v прописывать,назначать
11.injection [in'dƷekʃƏn] n вприскивание,инъекция
12.practice ['praektis] n практика
13.attentive [Əʻtentiv] a внимательный
14.to observe [Əb'zƏ:v] v наблюдать
15.change [tʃeindƷ] n изменение
EX.2. HOME READING. READ AND TRANSLATE THE TEXTS.
TEXT :The duties of the nurse in therapeutic department
The duties of the nurse include: accompanying the patient to the office, filling in the registration paperwork, examination and cleansing of the patient, transportation to a hospital department. The nurse explains to the scheduled patients what they can take to the ward: toilet articles, slippers, a gown.
The duties of the ward nurse include also: doing doctor’s round together with the attending doctor, observing the patient’s condition, measuring temperature chart, distribution of drugs, preparing patients for investigations, sending blood and other samples for tests, control of test results, keeping medical records, care of bedridden and grave patients together with junior personnel, control of compliance with sanitary requirements.
The List of Nursing Skills :
1. Evaluating hygienic and sanitary conditions of wards;
2. Changing underwear and bedclothes;
3. Cleansing patients;
4. Using bed-pans, urinals; disinfecting them;
5. Watching the appearance and general condition of a patient;
6. Feeling the pulse on the radial artery, determining its character;
7. Counting the number of respirations per minute. Giving aid in breathlessness;
8. Giving first aid to patients suffering from cough. Taking sputum for analysis;
9. Feeding severely ill patients;
10. Transporting severely ill patients;
11. The rules of keeping drugs. Giving drugs to patients;
12. Estimation of antibiotic dose, dilution of antibiotics;
13. Application of an ice pack on the patients;
14. Using different forms of oxygen therapy;
15. Introducing a soft catheter into the urinary bladder;
16. Administering cleansing, retention, flush and medical enemas. Introducing a flatus tube;
17. Measuring body temperature and registering the results. Nursing patients with fever;
18. Anthropometric measurement;
19. Taking blood pressure and feeling the pulse. Recording the received data;
20. Taking sputum for analysis;
21. Applying a tourniquet on the arm;
22. Cleansing the stomach using a thick elastic tube. Performing gastric intubation using a thin elastic tube. Making fractional analysis of gastric juice;
23. Performing duodenal intubation;
24. Giving first aid in nasal bleeding, blood spitting and pneumorrhagia;
25. Giving first aid in gastro-intestinal bleeding;
26. Giving first aid in cardiac pains;
27. Making artificial lung ventilation and closed-chest cardiac massage.
AT THE RECEPTION DEPARTMENT
IN THE WARD
UNIT 20
ТЕМА20: ПЕРВАЯ ПОМОЩЬ
КОНСПЕКТ ДИАЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ВЫСКАЗЫВАНИЯ.
EX.1. LEARN THE WORDS «FIRST AID». MAKE UP A DIALOGUE.
1. first aid первая помощь
2. to save спасать
3. injured пострадавший
4. method метод
5. accident несчастный случай
6. calm спокойный
7. to act действовать , поступок
8. panic паника
9. to mean значить, подразумевать
10. soul душа
UNIT 21
ТЕМА 21: РАБОТА МЕДСЕСТРЫ В ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОМ ОТДЕЛЕНИИ
КОНСПЕКТ ДИАЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ВЫСКАЗЫВАНИЯ.
ex.1 write down and learn the words
ex.2.translate into russian
ex.3. read and translate the text. MAKE UP THE DIFLOGUE
text:The Man Who Discovered Chloroform
Many years ago nobody knew about chloroform. And when the doctor operated on a patient, the patient suffered1 great pain. A young doctor in Edinburgh [‘edinbƏrƏ] could not see how patients suffered during operations and he tried to find some medicine to help the patient to overcome2 the pain. The doctor’s name was James Simpson.
Once he came home from the hospital with two other doctors. When he was looking for3 some papers on his desk he saw a little bottle. He remembered that one of his friends had sent him the bottle with chloroform. At that time people knew very little about chloroform.
James Simpson opened the bottle. Chloroform had a strong but not an unpleasant4 smell5. He decided to breathe chloroform in6 and see the results. The two doctors who were in the room decided to do the same. And so they did. As they breathed in the chloroform they became sleepy and soon fell into a deep sleep.
After the experiment Dr. Simpson began to use chloroform during his operations. It was a very important discovery7. Doctors could operate on people without hurting8 them and it was easier for the surgeon to operate because the patient was calm and didn’t move during the operation.
ex.4. answer the question
I. What was the name of the doctor who discovered chloroform?
2. Where did he live?
3. how did he discover the possibilities (возможности) of chloroform?
4. Do you think it was a brave action? Why?
5. Why was the discovery of chloroform very important?
6. How did Dr. Simpson help the patients?