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История и традиции празднования Дня святого Валентина

Мотивировать учащихся к изучению английского языка, знакомить их с традициями и праздниками народов англоязычных стран.

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ГБОУ «Брянский городской лицей №1 имени А.С.Пушкина»

Методическая разработка внеклассного мероприятия по английскому языку, проведённого в рамках декады иностранных языков в 10 социально-экономическом классе

на тему

«История, легенды и традиции празднования Дня Святого Валентина»

Составила учитель английского языка Шмакова Ольга Ивановна

Брянск 2020

Тема внеклассного мероприятия: История, легенды и традиции празднования Дня Святого Валентина.

Форма проведения: заседание английского - разговорного клуба LINGUA.

Цели внеклассного мероприятия:

Ход мероприятия:

Student 1. This holiday doesn’t have a deep religious history. Its history is very romantic. The holiday got its name in honor of the Christian martyr Valentine sentenced by Roman pagans to death. In the III century A.D. the Roman Emperor Claudius edited a decree forbidding marriages. He thought that marriages held soldiers at home and didn’t give them the opportunity to be good warriors. But the young priest called Valentine wreathed the pairs secretly. When Claudius found out that the priest didn’t obey his decree, he put Valentine into prison and sentenced him to death. In prison Valentine wrote messages to the jailer’s daughter. Young people fell in love with each other in spite of grim conditions and close death. Before the execution in the 14th of February, 270 he sent his girl a short farewell note with the words “from Valentine” that afterwards began to mean eternal attachment, faith and love.

Student 2. When Claudius became the emperor, he felt that married men were more emotionally attached to their families, and thus, will not make good soldiers. So to assure quality soldiers, he banned marriage. Valentine, a bishop, seeing the trauma of young lovers, met them in a secret place, and joined them in the sacrament of matrimony. Claudius learned of this “friend of lovers” and had him arrested. The emperor, impressed with the young priest’s dignity and conversation, attempted to convert him to the roman gods, to save him from certain execution. Valentine refused to recognize Roman Gods and even attempted to convert the emperor, knowing the consequences fully. On February 24, 270, Valentine was executed.

History of the holiday St.Valentine’s Day

This holiday doesn’t have a deep religious history. Its history is very romantic. The holiday got its name in honor of the Christian martyr Valentine sentenced by Roman pagans to death. In the III century A.D. the Roman Emperor Claudius edited a decree forbidding marriages. He thought that marriages held soldiers at home and didn’t give them the opportunity to be good warriors. But the young priest called Valentine wreathed the pairs secretly. When Claudius found out that the priest didn’t obey his decree, he put Valentine into prison and sentenced him to death. In prison Valentine wrote messages to the jailer’s daughter. Young people fell in love with each other in spite of grim conditions and close death. Before the execution in the 14th of February, 270 he sent his girl a short farewell note with the words “from Valentine” that afterwards began to mean eternal attachment, faith and love.

When Claudius became the emperor, he felt that married men were more emotionally attached to their families, and thus, will not make good soldiers. So to assure quality soldiers, he banned marriage. Valentine, a bishop, seeing the trauma of young lovers, met them in a secret place, and joined them in the sacrament of matrimony. Claudius learned of this “friend of lovers” and had him arrested. The emperor, impressed with the young priest’s dignity and conversation, attempted to convert him to the roman gods, to save him from certain execution. Valentine refused to recognize Roman Gods and even attempted to convert the emperor, knowing the consequences fully. On February 24, 270, Valentine was executed.

The traditions of this holiday

Great Britain

In Great Britain on the eve of St. Valentine’s Day, women used to pin four bay leaves to the corner of their pillow and then eat boiled eggs with salt. They believed they would dream of their future husbands. Another custom was to write the names of eligible young men on pieces of paper and stick them to balls of clay. They would then drop them into water and watch and wait. The first name to rise would, they believed, be their future husband. These days it is more customary to send your secret love an unsigned greetings card, in the hope that he or she will know who sent it and send a card in return.

United States of America

Most people in the United States treat Valentine’s Day as an opportunity to express their feelings towards their loved one or to offer the hand of friendship to others. However, a popular trend these days is to send an ‘anti-Valentine’ card. These cards either contain an insulting message (to your enemy) or say goodbye 9to your existing partner) . If you receive a card with the message C-Ya! (See you!), it means your boyfriend or girlfriend wants to end your relationship.

Germany

Young German men present their loved ones with a beautiful bouquet of flowers on Valentine’s Day, along with a message of love. They must remember, though, to give an odd number (1,2,5 etc.) and not an even number,, otherwise it could bring them bad luck.

France

A long time ago, the French custom for Valentine’s Day involved young women going into one house and young men going into another house, opposite the first house. They would then call out of the windows to each other. If, in the end, the man was not attracted to his partner, he would desert her. Later on in the day, a bonfire would be lit and the women would insult and burn images of the young men who had deserted them.

Italy

There is a custom in Italy for young couples to get engaged on Valentine’s Day. Some shops sell china baskets and cups which are filled with sweets and tied with ribbons. The young romantics offer these to each other as a token of their love.

Denmark

In Denmark, people swap poems and sweets. Some people also send joke cards, which are called gaekkbrev, and instead of writing their name, they sign it in dots. If the person who receives the card correctly guesses the identity of the sender, they will get a candy egg from the sender at Easter time.

Japan

In Japan there are two Valentine’s Days. The first is on February 14th and the other is on March 14th. On February 14th women give chocolates not only to their boyfriends but also to their bosses and to boys who are friends. The men don’t have to give anything. On March 14th, which is called ‘White Day’, the men must buy chocolates (or other sweets) for their girlfriends or wives.

Valentine’s gifts

On February 14th wooden love spoons were carved and given as gifts on Valentine’s Day in Wales. Hearts, keys and keyholes were favourite Valentine decorations on the wooden spoons. This Valentine decoration meant,”You unlock my heart!”

The most beautiful and incredible gift of love is the monument Taj Mahal in India. Built by Mughal Emperor Shahjahan as a memorial to his wife it stands as the emblem of the eternal love story. Work on the Taj Mahal began in 1634 and continued for almost 22 years and required the labor of 20,000 workers from all over India and Central Asia.

In America, the pilgrims used to send confections, as sugar wafers, marzipan, sweetmeats and sugar plums, to their affianced. Lot of value was placed on these gifts because they included what was then a rare product, sugar. After the late 1800’s, beet sugar became widely used and more available, and sweet gifts continued to be cherished and enjoyed.

Amongst the earliest Valentine’s Day gifts were candies. The most common were chocolates in heart shaped boxes.

Valentine’s Day Gift for Girlfriend

Valentine's Day Festival bring with it the opportunity to express heartfelt feelings to your sweetheart. The occasion is even more special for those who have not yet declared their love. The best way to tell your girlfriend about your feelings is to say it with a bunch of roses and a thoughtful Valentine's Day card. To overwhelm your beloved with love you may also indulge her with cute Valentine's Day Gifts. Here are some Valentine's Day Gift Ideas for girlfriends to trigger your imagination and creativity.

Stuffed Toys

Girls love to receive cute and huggable stuffed toys from their beau. Gift her a stuffed animal or any of her favorite cartoon character and she will always cherish it as a gift from you.

Chocolates and Cakes

You may indulge your girlfriend with delectable and yummy chocolates and cakes on Valentine's Day. You may enjoy this gift together and have a good time.

Showpieces Cute and romantic showpieces like an image of Cupid, lovebirds, dancing couple etc make a memorable Valentine's Day Gift. Coffee mugs or posters with beautiful words or pictures can also be gifted to girlfriends.

Jewelry and Clothes

Jewelry like bracelets, necklace sets, rings are an all time favorite gift of ladies. If you are sure about preferences and size of your girlfriend you may also gift her trendy and fashionable clothes.

Handmade Gift

If you are a creative person you may prepare a handmade Valentines Day gift for your girlfriend. For instance, if you are good at painting you may prepare a portrait of her or if you are good in music you can compose a special song for her. The gift you prepare may not be perfect but it will surely be the most touching and precious gift for her.

Valentine’s Cards- Every year around 1 billion Valentine cards are sent across. After Christmas it’s a single largest seasonal card-sending occasion. - Teachers receive the most Valentine’s Day cards, followed by children, mothers, wives, and then, sweethearts. Children between ages 6 to 10 exchange more than 650 million Valentine’s cards with teachers, classmates, and family members.

Valentine’s Flowers/ Roses- Of the 73% of people who buy Valentines’ Day flowers are men, while only 27 percent are women. - A single perfect rose framed with baby’s breath is named by some florists as a “signature rose”, and is the preferred choice for most for giving on Valentine’s Day, anniversaries and birthdays. - The red rose was the favorite flower of Venus, the Roman goddess of love.

Cupid- Cupid is a symbol of Valentine’s Day. Cupid was associated with Valentines’ Day because he was the son of Venus the Roman god of love and beauty. Cupid often appears on Valentine Cards and gift tokens holding a bow and arrows as he is believed to use magical arrows to arouse feelings of love.

Love letters and poems - Verona, the Italian city where Shakespeare’s play lovers Romeo and Juliet lived, receives about 1.000 letters every year sent to Juliet on Valentine’s Day. - The oldest surviving love poem till date is written in a clay tablet from the times of the Sumerians, inventors of writing, around 3500 B.C.

How I Love You is said in Different Languages

(молодой человек или девушка должны подойти и произнести):

Valentine's Day symbols

Roses

Rose is one of the most popular flower and one of the most powerful symbol of Valentine's Day. Since time immemorial rose flower has been a favorite of poets and romantics at heart. For them, the lovely rose stand for beauty, passion and love.

Every year on February 14 lovers long for a gift of Rose from their Valentine as the flower has come to denote ‘I love you'. No wonder, demand for roses reach its zenith on Valentine's Day as people across the globe chose to express their love with a lovely rose.

Legend behind Valentine's Day Roses

There is an interesting story behind the legend of Valentine's Day Rose. It is said that once a beautiful maiden by the name of Rodanthe was pursued by a number of impassioned suitors. In their desperate pursuit the lovers broke the doors of Rodanthe's house. This enraged goddess Diana. She turned Rodanthe into a flower and her suitors into thorns.

According to a popular legend in Rome once Cupid was carrying a vase of sweet nectar to the Gods on Mount Olympus and some nectar spilled on the ground. From the spot where the nectar fell emerged the beautiful Rose flower.

An interesting point to notice is that if the letters of the word ‘rose' are rearranged, it comes out to Eros - the God of Love. Red roses are also considered to be a symbol of love and passion and the favorite flower of Venus - the Goddess of Love.

Valentine's Day Hearts

Red heart pierced by the Cupid's arrow is a traditional symbol of Valentine's Day. Heart symbolizes love and giving someone a heart means to hand over one's existence to someone. A heart pierced by a Cupid's arrow means that when someone presents a heart, the person takes the risk of being rejected and feeling hurt. Piercing arrow therefore symbolizes death and vulnerability of love. Some people also believe that the heart and arrow symbolizes the uniting of male and a female.

Today, one finds great use of red heart symbol especially heart shaped red balloons in Valentine's Day decoration. Stuffed red heart decorated with a lace is a popular Valentine's Day Gift.

Origin of Valentine's Day Hearts

Around 12th Century people were not aware the function of heart was to circulate blood inside the human body. What they knew was that heart begins to beat faster when a person is upset or excited. They, therefore, derived that heart was the seat of emotions and feelings. Poets too eulogized the role of heart in feelings of love and romance and over the years this make believe connection between heart and love became deep seated in the minds of people. Today, even though it has been scientifically proved that emotions come from the brain heart remains a powerful symbol of love and Valentine's Day.

Cupid

By the name of Eros and as the son of Aphrodite - the Greek Goddess of Love. In Roman and Greek mythology Cupid is always shown as a youth and not as a fat baby with wings. In Latin, however, the meaning of the word ‘Cupid' is desire. Latin mythology shows Cupid as a chubby, naked, winged boy or youth with a mischievous smile and as someone who made people fall in love.

In certain mythologies it is said that anyone shot with a Cupid's arrow falls in love with the first person he/she sees. It is also said that Cupid's arrow was invisible to his victims so that they would not be aware that they were shot until they fell in love. Several legends have used this mischief of Cupid to create hilarious situations.

William Shakespeare Sonnet № 55

Not marble, nor the gilded monuments

Of princes, shall outlive this powerful rhyme;

But you shall shine more bright in these contents

Than unswept stone besmear’d with sluttish time.

When wasteful war shall statues overturn,

And broils root out the work of masonry,

Nor Mars his sword nor war’s quick fire shall burn

The living record of your memory.

‘Gainst death and all-oblivious enmity

Shall you pace forth, your praise shall still find room

Even in the eyes of all posterity

That wear this world out to the ending doom.

So, till the judgement that yourself arise,

You live in this, and dwell in lovers eyes.

У. Шекспир Сонет № 55

Замшелый мрамор царственных могил

Исчезнет раньше этих веских слов,

В которых я твой образ сохранил.

К ним не пристанет пыль и грязь веков.

Пусть опрокинет статуи война,

Мятеж развеет каменщиков труд,

Но врезанные в память письмена

Бегущие столетия не сотрут.

Ни смерть не увлечет тебя на дно,

Ни темного забвения вражда.

Тебе с потомством дальним суждено,

Мир износив, увидеть день суда.

Итак, до пробуждения живи,

В стихах, в сердцах, исполненных Любви!

Перевод

С. Маршака

Время Знаний

Россия, 2015-2024 год

Всероссийское СМИ - "Время Знаний"
Выходные данные
Издатель: ИП Воробьев И.Е.
Учредитель и главный редактор: Воробьев И.Е.
Электронная почта редакции: konkurs@edu-time.ru
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Свидетельство о регистрации ЭЛ № ФС 77 - 63093 от 18.09.2015 г.
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